Page 61 of 169

Saturn moon Enceladus may have salty ocean

Thursday, June 23, 2011

NASA’s Cassini–Huygens spacecraft has discovered evidence for a large-scale saltwater reservoir beneath the icy crust of Saturn’s moon Enceladus. The data came from the spacecraft’s direct analysis of salt-rich ice grains close to the jets ejected from the moon. The study has been published in this week’s edition of the journal Nature.

Data from Cassini’s cosmic dust analyzer show the grains expelled from fissures, known as tiger stripes, are relatively small and usually low in salt far away from the moon. Closer to the moon’s surface, Cassini found that relatively large grains rich with sodium and potassium dominate the plumes. The salt-rich particles have an “ocean-like” composition and indicate that most, if not all, of the expelled ice and water vapor comes from the evaporation of liquid salt-water. When water freezes, the salt is squeezed out, leaving pure water ice behind.

Cassini’s ultraviolet imaging spectrograph also recently obtained complementary results that support the presence of a subsurface ocean. A team of Cassini researchers led by Candice Hansen of the Planetary Science Institute in Tucson, Arizona, measured gas shooting out of distinct jets originating in the moon’s south polar region at five to eight times the speed of sound, several times faster than previously measured. These observations of distinct jets, from a 2010 flyby, are consistent with results showing a difference in composition of ice grains close to the moon’s surface and those that made it out to the E ring, the outermost ring that gets its material primarily from Enceladean jets. If the plumes emanated from ice, they should have very little salt in them.

“There currently is no plausible way to produce a steady outflow of salt-rich grains from solid ice across all the tiger stripes other than salt water under Enceladus’s icy surface,” said Frank Postberg, a Cassini team scientist at the University of Heidelberg in Germany.

The data suggests a layer of water between the moon’s rocky core and its icy mantle, possibly as deep as about 50 miles (80 kilometers) beneath the surface. As this water washes against the rocks, it dissolves salt compounds and rises through fractures in the overlying ice to form reserves nearer the surface. If the outermost layer cracks open, the decrease in pressure from these reserves to space causes a plume to shoot out. Roughly 400 pounds (200 kilograms) of water vapor is lost every second in the plumes, with smaller amounts being lost as ice grains. The team calculates the water reserves must have large evaporating surfaces, or they would freeze easily and stop the plumes.

“We imagine that between the ice and the ice core there is an ocean of depth and this is somehow connected to the surface reservoir,” added Postberg.

The Cassini mission discovered Enceladus’ water-vapor and ice jets in 2005. In 2009, scientists working with the cosmic dust analyzer examined some sodium salts found in ice grains of Saturn’s E ring but the link to subsurface salt water was not definitive. The new paper analyzes three Enceladus flybys in 2008 and 2009 with the same instrument, focusing on the composition of freshly ejected plume grains. In 2008, Cassini discovered a high “density of volatile gases, water vapor, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, as well as organic materials, some 20 times denser than expected” in geysers erupting from the moon. The icy particles hit the detector target at speeds between 15,000 and 39,000 MPH (23,000 and 63,000 KPH), vaporizing instantly. Electrical fields inside the cosmic dust analyzer separated the various constituents of the impact cloud.

“Enceladus has got warmth, water and organic chemicals, some of the essential building blocks needed for life,” said Dennis Matson in 2008, Cassini project scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.

“This finding is a crucial new piece of evidence showing that environmental conditions favorable to the emergence of life can be sustained on icy bodies orbiting gas giant planets,” said Nicolas Altobelli, the European Space Agency’s project scientist for Cassini.

“If there is water in such an unexpected place, it leaves possibility for the rest of the universe,” said Postberg.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Saturn_moon_Enceladus_may_have_salty_ocean&oldid=4453704”

Canopy Awnings Some Factors To Consider Before Buying

Canopy Awnings – Some Factors to Consider Before Buying

by

Den Williams

Canopies and awnings are a very popular addition to any property, and can be added to improve the look of the property, in addition to providing protective cover from the weather. Before considering choosing canopy awnings for your home or business, there are a few items you should keep in mind.

Prior to Installing

When installing

canopy awnings

, you need to confirm that, if necessary, you have the correct authorization from your local planning department or resident’s committee. Despite the fact that this is not usual, it can be that you will find certain limitations regarding the design, color or dimensions of the canopy you are able to put up in specific locations. Awnings can be quite heavy and this should be considered. The structure you plan to fix them to should be in good order, even, and free of obstructions. Although a capable do-it-yourself-er may be able to handle the job, professional advice is highly recommended.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LGSlL2DZI7k[/youtube]

Style

Opt for a style and color which is in keeping with the rest of your premises. Consider whether a rollable or static design is most appropriate for your purpose. Motor-driven units are also available on the market and it should be noted that incorporating this capability later will almost certainly be much more expensive than opting for a motorized design in the first place. Canopy awnings also offer a superb opportunity to advertise and brand your business enterprise.

The Materials Used

The majority of awnings and

shade sails

are manufactured from vinyl or plastic materials and are normally waterproof, along with giving sun protection. It’s conceivable nonetheless for many to become damaged if it rains very hard, solely due to the extra weight of the rain pooling on the upper surface. Fabric units are usually less strong and more susceptible to damage, in addition to not being particularly waterproof. Fabric is likely to fade faster than acrylic or vinyl.

Maintenance and Lifespan

No maintenance apart from normal washing is ordinarily required. When a rollable canopy gets wet, it’s a good idea to leave it fully extended till it’s dry, before you roll it up. The lifespan of a canopy is influenced by a variety of variables. Besides the overall quality of the unit installed, climate and the materials. Normally, you can expect a lifespan of six to ten years, if they are good quality.

The author has a website offering more information about

canopy awnings

and

shade sails

.

Article Source:

ArticleRich.com

Wikinews interviews Goronwy Price about the upcoming by-election in the Bradfield electorate of the Australian parliament

Thursday, December 3, 2009

With two federal by-elections coming up in Australia, many minor parties and independents will be looking to gain a seat in the House of Representatives. Goronwy Price is a candidate representing the Environmentalists for Nuclear Energy party.

Mr Price is an environmentalist, adventurer and businessman from the Sydney suburb of Cremorne.

“In 1975 I founded the adventure travel company World Expeditions and built it to be the world’s largest adventure organisation. I am currently Managing Director of Learningportal.com a successful software company I founded in 1997. We export software around the world.,” Mr Price said.

Wikinews reporter Patrick Gillett held an exclusive email interview with Mr Price, candidate for the Division of Bradfield.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Wikinews_interviews_Goronwy_Price_about_the_upcoming_by-election_in_the_Bradfield_electorate_of_the_Australian_parliament&oldid=4567771”

Cyber attacks in Estonia threaten national security

Thursday, May 17, 2007

Recent cyber attacks in Estonia that have paralyzed the high tech country’s Web sites are a threat to national security, according to the country’s Minister of Defense. This has concerned NATO, seeing that Estonia is a member state of the organization. The attacks have subsided this week.

The Defense Minister Jaak Aaviksoo also mentioned that Russia may have been behind the attacks. He stated that the IP numbers in the initial attack belong to Russian government offices, but says that it’s insufficient evidence that the government is behind it. The Kremlin is dismissing the accusations, saying that its caused by hackers producing fake Kremlin IP addresses.

The cyber attacks came after Estonia removed a Soviet-era statue of a Bronze Soldier in Tallinn, which angered many Russians. Riots have left 160 injured, and 1 dead.

Both NATO and the European Union views this as an attack on one of their member states. Three hundred Estonian IT specialist worked day and night to fix the problem.

The Estonian government plans to analyze server logs and data to find out who is behind the attacks.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Cyber_attacks_in_Estonia_threaten_national_security&oldid=4580400”

Compensation funding agreement reached for Australian asbestos victims

Saturday, December 3, 2005

James Hardie Industries has signed a final agreement designed to ensure that compensation will be received by victims who suffer health consequences due to their exposure to the company’s asbestos products. The deal, signed on Thursday, is expected to cost the company $4.5 billion over the next 40 years, and James Hardie is obligated to pay 35 per cent of its free cash flow during each of those years to fund a compensation trust.

The Australian corporate watchdog ASIC (Australian Securities and Investments Commission) is gaining ground on James Hardie Industries corporate members. It is understood that the company’s agreement with the NSW Government will not provide Hardie directors and executives with the immunities from civil prosecution sought by the company. The possible charges for the members range as high as jail terms of up to five years.

According to The Weekend Australian, a source said, “this arrangement suited ASIC because rather than channelling its efforts into cases that could provide compensation, it can concentrate on alleged offences that could result in criminal prosecution or banning officers from holding directorships or management positions.”

NSW Special Commissioner David Jackson QC said that former Hardie chief executive Peter Macdonald engaged in misleading or deceptive conduct when he told the stock exchange that the asbestos compensation trust Hardie set up in 2001 with $293 million would be “fully funded”. At around the same time, James Hardie share holders voted for the relocation of its corporate base from Australia to the Netherlands.

Another alleged issue is a controversial $1.9 billion share cancellation, which a NSW MP said attracted ASIC to look at the activities of Hardie chairwoman Meredith Hellicar.

The ASIC task force plan to collect and analyse documents and interview witnesses into at least the middle of next year. Until then, any possible new charges are unlikely.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Compensation_funding_agreement_reached_for_Australian_asbestos_victims&oldid=740734”

Know The Reasons For Rejection Of Business Loan

. Although it may seem difficult for owners to make use of these loans, particularly first-timers, this is not so.

Approval of business loan depends on different parameters, and if these are not met, a loan has a will be denied. The best way to deal with the rejection is to explore the factors behind it and build on them to obtain the business loan eligibility criteria for your next submission.

Reasons for your business loan application getting rejected

Low credit score

A good credit score reflects the successful management of the budget and expenditures. If you have a low credit score, it shows your lack of financial prudence. You must check your score with reputed credit rating agencies before applying for a loan. One of the most common reasons for refusal on l business loans is due to the use of a high percentage of credit amount.

Insufficient cash flow

Your cash flow analysis shows your ability to repay your loan after you have covered the operating costs. Insufficient cash flow influences lender trust to approve the loan. You can increase your cash flow by:

  • Reducing unnecessary costs
  • Holding correct invoice
  • Establish an Emergency Fund

Excess debt

If your company is in over-debt, prospective investors will be turned away. A lender’s primary concern is repayment. When a lender sees you having colossal debt, it is natural that he will be cautious. Maintaining low credit balances and paying off past debts would help solve this problem and can get a business loan quickly.

Weak business plan

Developing a detailed business plan would be wise. You will need to do an in-depth study of the market factors before submitting the documents required for business loans. It lets you get an objective and realistic analysis of the possibilities a scenario provides to your company.

Lack of collateral

Investors are looking for concrete evidence to support their investments. When you apply for a loan, you must have a clear understanding of your inventory of assets which you can use as collateral. If you are unable to provide tangible assets, you may need to mortgage your assets to get the business loan you need.

Purpose of the loan

You should be aware of why you need to apply for business loan. Do you need it to purchase new equipment or for research or to develop a new product or is it for renovating your office? If you are uncertain about your loan’s intent, lenders are less likely to approve your application.

New Mars Orbiter arrives for launch

Wednesday, May 4, 2005

NASA‘s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), the latest robotic spacecraft destined for Mars, arrived at Kennedy Space Center‘s Shuttle Landing Facility on April 30 aboard a C-17 cargo plane and was delivered to the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility to begin processing. Launching is scheduled for August 10, 2005.

With a mission time line through 2010, the MRO will conduct studies of the Martian atmosphere, surface and subsurface in far greater detail than previous missions. Possible landing sites for future Mars landings will be evaluated and the orbiter will also act as a high-data-rate communications relay for surface missions.

“Great work by a talented team has brought Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter to this milestone in our progress toward a successful mission,” said Jim Graf of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) project manager for the mission.

Multiple mechanical assembly operations and electrical tests are scheduled to verify the craft’s readiness for launch. A May test to verify communication abilities through NASA’s Deep Space Network will be conducted and in June deployment of the high gain communications antenna will be tested. A deployment test is also scheduled for the Orbiter’s large solar arrays.

The MRO will be filled with hydrazine fuel in July for its “Mars orbit insertion burn” which reduces the craft’s velocity and places it in orbit about the red planet. July 26 will see the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter installed in an Atlas V rocket fairing for final assembly with the rocket on July 29.

After the scheduled launch, the MRO will spend seven months cruising to Mars and another six months aerobraking after orbital insertion. A variety of scientific instruments on board will be used to search for geological evidence of past seas, ancient shorelines.The craft was built near Denver by Lockheed Martin Space Systems which also supplies the Atlas V launch vehicle.

The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter mission is managed by JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, for the NASA Science Mission Directorate, Washington. Lockheed Martin Space Systems is the prime contractor for the project. International Launch Services, a Lockheed Martin joint venture, and Lockheed Martin Space Systems are providing launch services for the mission.

More information about the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter is available at: Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter website

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=New_Mars_Orbiter_arrives_for_launch&oldid=4453714”

India: Maharashtra plastic ban comes into force

Monday, June 25, 2018

On Saturday, the plastic ban in the Indian state of Maharashtra came into force. In an attempt to minimise pollution, the state government has introduced a ban on single-use plastics.

The leader of the Yuya Sena political party, Aaditya Thackeray, said on Twitter, “The ban on single use disposable plastic cups, plastic bags, plastic straws, plastic plates and cutlery, styrofoam cutlery and non woven bags”. He added, “these are global issues now and we have taken a step to combat it”.

Plastic pollution has led to the choking of drains, marine pollution and a risk of animals consuming plastics. This year, India’s motto for World Environment Day — June 5 — was “Beat Plastic Pollution”. People violating the plastic ban are to face a fine of 5,000 Indian Rupees (INR) for the first offence. For the second offence, the fine is INR 10,000 and the third time offence is INR 25,000 and a three-month prison term. Deputy municipal commissioner Nidhi Choudhary said, “To weed out corruption, we plan to give inspectors payment gadgets for electronic receipts of the fines”.

The Maharashtra government has given a 90-day period for manufacturers to dispose of existing polyethylene terephthalate (PET/PETE) plastic spoons and plates, while shopkeepers and citizens in general have six months to dispose of plastics. However, the ban does not prohibit plastic usage for wrapping medicines or milk cartons thicker than 50 microns.

The state government had announced the decision for the plastic ban on March 23. According to NDTV’s report, Maharashtra is the eighteenth Indian state to enforce a state-wide plastic ban. Aaditya Thackeray also said, “I congratulate the citizens for making this into a movement, even before the ban was enforceable, giving up single use disposable plastic.”

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=India:_Maharashtra_plastic_ban_comes_into_force&oldid=4417631”

Effective Plus Efficient Adult Acne Treatment Methods

Women are more suffering from spots for the duration of maturity than men. Women usually tend to become acne for the duration of menstruation, maternity and menopause than any other part of their lives. There are certain methods of care are effective, but they also have adverse effects over the person, as babies born with deformities. Poor hygiene and elevated levels of pressure could also cause acne in adults. Old age is a limitation that the efficacy of treatments for adult acne determined. The direct role of anxiousness having acne has been questioned, but it really is true the fact that museum will contribute to more acne. Expanded stress lead to reduced food intake, that is ultimately in acne. In some cases, the acne is likely to cause stress. Alternative factors such as longer labor under the sun, working with lubricant and greasy substances can also cause acne. The skin secretes oil to prevent excessive drying caused by the sun. This blocks the pores of the skin. The fear, anxiety, depression and other mental disorders are able to promote the outbreak of acne. Accutane is an important treatment option for adult acne. The efficacy of Accutane to cure adult acne is much discussed, and the talks are still ongoing. Although there is evidence that Accutane cures acne in a large scale, we must not forget that it causes some unwanted side effects. It is effective against cystic acne and pimples. Nausea, headache, corneal ulcer, and stomach discomfort are other side effects of this drug, in addition to side effects in pregnant women. Dry skin, nose bleeds and muscle pain are also on the treatment of adult acne. In view of these effects into account, it is important for everyone to use it under the correct advice from a dermatologist to. Another drug that is used in the treatment of adult acne is spironolactone. But it is only suitable for women. The absorption of androgenic hormones is determined by this method of treatment, which controls consequently controls the secretion of excess oil. Oral contraceptives are prescribed at the same time as spironolactone, to increase their effectiveness. This medication has side effects too low and, among them BP, headache and dry mouth. Detergents, astringents and tonics, which contain mixtures of alcohol and acetone are used for the treatment of adult acne, in those days. These two elements alone are not effective in the treatment of acne, but the combination was able to kill bacteria and remove dirt. Chemicals such as sulfur and resorcinol are also able to eliminate dead cells and clearing pores. The effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of adult acne treatment is under review. Mild to moderate acne only require acupuncture ear whereas calls from a severe acne acupuncture body. Changes in lifestyle and diet may reduce the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of adult acne. Treatments for adult acne include natural aromatherapy. Bacteria growth is a combination of different aromatic oils such as jasmine, lavender, sandalwood and myrrh. There are such a lot of different methods of treatment of adult acne that causes acne. Available in the comprehensive study of the various treatment options to help you in selecting the strategy that suits you best.

Dell joins Microsoft-Nortel VoIP Team

Saturday, October 20, 2007

Dell Inc. announced on Tuesday that it will partner up with the Microsoft-Nortel Innovative communications alliance (ICA) team to sell Unified Communications and VoIP products.

The announcement on Tuesday the 16th of October 2007 includes Dell selling VoIP, data and wireless networking products from Nortel and the Microsoft Office Communications Server 2007 and other unified communications products.

The partnership with both manufacturers should allow Dell to provide a pre-integrated solution.

In March 2007, competitors IBM and Cisco announced they would join in the competition for developing unified communications applications and the development of open technologies around the unified communications and collaboration (UC2) client platform an application programming interfaces (APIs) offered by IBM as a subset of Lotus Sametime.

“We want to make it simple for our customers to deploy unified communications so their end users can get access to all their messages in one place – whether its e-mail, phone or mobile device. This will pave the way for more business-ready productivity tools,” said vice president of solutions, Dell Product Group, Rick Becker.

  • Customers have four options:
    • Core Office Communication Server 2007 – provides instant messaging and on-premise Microsoft Live Meeting.
    • Office Communication Server: Telephony – enables call routing tracking and management, VoIP gateway and public branch exchange (PBX) integration.
    • Audio and Video Conferencing – allows point-to-point conference, video conference and VoIP audio conference.
    • Exchange Unified Messaging – provides voicemail, e-mail and fax in Microsoft Outlook, and anywhere access of Microsoft Outlook Inbox and Calendar.
Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Dell_joins_Microsoft-Nortel_VoIP_Team&oldid=2808441”

Page 61 of 169

Powered by WordPress & Theme by Anders Norén